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Pharmacogenetic guided drug therapy - how to deal with phenoconversion in polypharmacy?
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol
January 2025
Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
Introduction: The prevalence of polypharmacy and the increasing availability of pharmacogenetic information in clinical practice have raised the prospect of data-driven clinical decision making when addressing the issues of drug-drug interactions and genetic polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes. Inhibition of metabolizing enzymes in drug interactions can lead to genotype-phenotype discrepancies (phenoconversion) that reduce the relevance of individual pharmacogenetic information.
Areas Covered: The aim of this review is to provide an overview on existing models of phenoconversion and we discuss how phenoconversion models may be developed to estimate joint drug-interactions and genetic effects.
Medicare Part D: Major Shifts With the Inflation Reduction Act and a Way Forward.
J Am Geriatr Soc
January 2025
Borun Center, Division of Geriatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 introduced major changes in the Part D benefit that aim to improve medication access and correct several of the financial misalignments in the current Part D benefit. The changes address financial obligations of Medicare beneficiaries, the federal government, Part D plan sponsors (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacteristics of older patients undergoing surgery in the UK: SNAP-3, a snapshot observational study.
Br J Anaesth
January 2025
Centre for Research and Improvement, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK; Anaesthesia a Critical Care, Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Background: Frailty and multimorbidity are common in older adults, but the prevalence and interaction of these conditions in surgical patients remain unclear. This study describes the clinical characteristics of a heterogeneous cohort of older UK surgical patients.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study during 5 days in March 2022, aiming to recruit all UK patients aged 60 yr and older undergoing surgery, excluding minor procedures (e.
The operational definition of old age and impact on outcomes in DMARD-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review.
Semin Arthritis Rheum
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Objective: To systematically review operational definitions of old(er) age in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and investigate differences in disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) efficacy, safety and drug survival between young(er) and old(er) patients.
Methods: A systematic review was performed on studies conducting research in an old(er) RA patient population. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and risk of bias assessment.
Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR).
J Nutr Health Aging
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, and Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Roslindale, MA, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Aging leads to physiological changes and increased disease vulnerability, culminating in higher mortality rates as individuals get older.
- Regular physical activity (PA) and exercise can counteract aging effects, improve health span, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
- Personalized exercise plans, including various forms of training like aerobic and resistance exercises, are essential for maintaining health and functionality in older adults, particularly those with age-related issues.
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