Salivary gland cancers represent a rare group of tumors composed by over 20 histological subtypes. Initially treated as one single disease, its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are currently being stratified based on morphology. More recently, insight has been provided on the molecular characterization of each subtype, further improving diagnostic accuracy and paving the way for personalized therapy. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of recent breakthroughs, preliminary results of novel therapy, and future directions on the treatment of these complex malignancies.
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Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist, Houston, Texas, USA.
Objective: Diagnosing neoplasms of the salivary gland is challenging, as morphologic features of these tumors are complex, and well-defined diagnostic categories have overlapping features. Many salivary gland neoplasms are associated with recurrent genetic alterations. The utilization of RNA-based targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels for the detection of cancer-driving translocations and mutations is emerging in the clinical laboratory.
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Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital Affiliated to Tianjin University, Tianjin 300222, P.R. China.
Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare, low-grade epithelial tumor predominantly found in the salivary glands, with tracheal involvement being particularly uncommon. The present study details a case of primary tracheal HCCC and its clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges and the therapeutic approach used. A 34-year-old female patient presented with a 1-month history of intermittent dyspnea.
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Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that can be classified as an epithelitis based on the immune-mediated attack directed specifically at epithelial cells. SS predominantly affects women, is characterized by the production of highly specific circulating autoantibodies, and the major targets are the salivary and lachrymal glands. Although a genetic predisposition has been amply demonstrated for SS, the etiology remains unclear.
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Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
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