Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 (Erdr1) has been identified as a stromal survival factor released under stressful conditions. Previously, Erdr1 was reported to be expressed highly in thymus, but roles of Erdr1 in thymus were not known. Here, the effects of Erdr1 on T cell development were investigated. The expression of Erdr1 was higher in thymus than bone marrow and Erdr1 was detected in both the cortex and medulla of thymus. Erdr1 treatment significantly induced the expression of activation marker, CD69, from thymocytes in the presence of TCR stimuli in vitro and the induction was dependent on increased Ca influx. In addition, in vivo administration of Erdr1 resulted in significant increase of total and positive selected thymocyte numbers, particularly in the number of CD3TCRCD69 DP thymocytes. Taken together, our results show that Erdr1 enhances the strength of TCR signaling and cellularity of thymocytes by amplifying Ca influx in thymocytes receiving TCR signals.
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