Anthrax, caused by , is a non-contagious infectious disease that affects a wide range of animal species (primarily ruminants) including humans. Due to the often-fatal outcome in humans, quick administration of definitely effective antimicrobials is crucial either as prophylaxis or as a clinical case therapy. In this study, 110 strains, temporally, geographically, and genetically different, isolated during anthrax outbreaks in Italy from 1984 to 2017, were screened using a broth microdilution method to determine their susceptibility to 16 clinically relevant antimicrobial agents. The strains were isolated from various matrices (human, animal, and environmental samples) and were representative of thirty distinct genotypes previously identified by 15-loci multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis. The antimicrobials tested were gentamicin, ceftriaxone, streptomycin, penicillin G, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, linezolid, cefotaxime, tetracycline, erythromycin, rifampin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim. All isolates were susceptible to most of the tested antimicrobials, with the exception of trimethoprim for which all of them showed high minimal inhibitory concentration values. An intermediate level of susceptibility was recorded for ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend the use of doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, and amoxicillin for treatment of human cases and for post-exposure prophylaxis to anthrax spores, this study shows a high degree of susceptibility of to many other antimicrobials, suggesting the possibility of an alternative choice for prophylaxis and therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.58 | DOI Listing |
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, ARISE, Coimbra, Portugal.
Three bacterial strains, designated FZUC8N2.13, FBOR7N2.3 and FZUR7N2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
Six Gram-stain-positive and rod-shaped strains, designated FJAT-51614, FJAT-51639, FJAT-52054, FJAT-52991, FJAT-53654 and FJAT-53711, were isolated from a mangrove ecosystem. The condition for growth among the strains varied (pH ranging 5.0-11.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
January 2025
Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, PR China.
Two Gram-stain-negative, curved-rod-shaped, non-motile and aerobic bacteria W6 and I13 were isolated from marine sediment samples collected from Meishan Island located in the East China Sea. Catalase and oxidase activities and hydrolysis of Tween 40, 60 and 80 were positive for both strains, while nitrate reduction, indole production, methyl red reaction and HS production were negative. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and genome sequences revealed that strains W6 and I13 formed distinct phylogenetic lineages within the genera and , respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nat Med
January 2025
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan.
A new diterpenoid, carneadiol (1), with an unprecedented tricyclic carbon skeleton, was isolated from the culture extracts of Nocardia carnea IFM 12324. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated using spectral studies, including various NMR data. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined using X-ray crystallographic analysis with the crystalline sponge method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntonie Van Leeuwenhoek
January 2025
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, aerobic, light-yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated as strain Y10, was isolated from Lumnitzera racemosa leaf in Iriomote island mangrove forests in Japan. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate Y10 was affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae, and the sequence showed the highest sequence identity to that of Neptunitalea chrysea NBRC 110019 (97.2%) and others with below 96% sequence identity.
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