Effects of different types of extracellular polysaccharides isolated from cyanobacterial blooms on the colony formation of unicellular Microcystis aeruginosa.

In this study, two types of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), namely, mixed EPS (MX-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), were extracted from cyanobacterial blooms using different methods. To evaluate their compositional differences, elemental composition, FTIR, and TG/DTA profile were measured for both EPS samples. Following that, unicellular Microcystis aeruginosa was cultured in a medium containing EPS, Ca ion, and Mg ion, and the effect of each type of EPS on the colony formation of M. aeruginosa was examined. Results showed that TB-EPS had more carboxy groups than MX-EPS, and that the TB-EPS medium contained Ca and Mg ions. These cations were not detected in the MX-EPS medium. During the colony formation experiment, colonies were observed when Ca and Mg ions were present at 250 mg/L concentration each. In addition, colony density increased when TB-EPS was added, compared to that of MX-EPS. Colonies were also observed in the medium containing only TB-EPS (100 mg/L), indicating that M. aeruginosa can form colonies using Ca ion present in TB-EPS. During the MX-EPS extraction, Ca ion chelated with EDTA was removed during ethanol precipitation. Therefore, the extraction protocol followed for TB-EPS was better than that of MX-EPS for maintaining Ca ions, and thereby maintaining an EPS composition that enables for colony formation.