Objective: To assess periodontitis prevalence and severity in HIV infected patients as compared to controls. Furthermore, to assess whether HIV infection characteristics are associated with periodontitis.
Design: cross-sectional controlled study.
Methods: We assessed prevalence and severity of periodontitis in 258 HIV-infected patients and 539 historical controls with the Dutch Periodontal Screening Index (DPSI). HIV characteristics were collected from medical charts. Age-related diseases and oral care were assessed with questionnaires.
Results: Severe periodontitis (DPSI 4) was more prevalent in HIV-infected patients than in controls (66% vs. 36%, p = 0.002). HIV-infection, increasing age and male sex were significant risk factors for severe periodontitis. In particular, older male HIV patients have a higher risk of severe periodontitis. Clinical, immunological and virologic characteristics, and antiretroviral therapy were not associated with periodontitis prevalence or severity. HIV-infected patients rate the importance of their oral health as high, although many do not disclose their HIV infection to their dentists.
Conclusions: Prevalence and severity of periodontitis are higher in HIV-infected patients compared to controls, particularly in older males. Awareness of the increased prevalence of periodontitis associated with HIV-infection among patients and health-care professionals could significantly improve oral health and quality of life of HIV-infected patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2018.11.008 | DOI Listing |
J West Afr Coll Surg
October 2024
Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus. It is transmitted through sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drugs, contaminated needle use, blood transfusion, and mother-to-child transmission. Of the patients with HIV, 50%-75% have ocular manifestations and this may be the primary presentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND.
The initial six months following HIV infection have a high viral load. Nonspecific presentations might lead to the missing primary HIV diagnosis. Multiorgan and multisystem diagnosis is a rare presentation of primary HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Parasitology, Mycology and Tropical Medicine, Université des Sciences de la Santé (USS), Libreville BP 4009, Gabon.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a major cause of death in HIV/AIDS patients due to the existence of in the central nervous system. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence of Cryptococcus antigenuria in a population of HIV-infected patients in Libreville, Gabon. : This study was conducted from April to October 2021 at the Infectious Diseases ward of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Libreville.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of blood samples for the identification of disseminated tuberculosis (DTB).
Methods: A total of 48 individuals suspected of DTB were enrolled. All patients underwent mNGS of peripheral blood and conventional microbiological tests.
Khirurgiia (Mosk)
December 2024
Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of leukocyte, NLR, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as the markers of acute peritonitis in patients with HIV-infection.
Material And Methods: The study included 83 HIV-infected patients with various diseases complicated by acute peritonitis. Leukocytes, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein, as well as immune status and viral load were determined in peripheral blood before surgery.
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