A straightforward explicit expression is derived for estimating the size and position of leaks in a water pipeline using the acoustic transient response. Experimental results are provided for a water pipeline with multiple leaks to demonstrate the usefulness and performance of the proposed approach. The form of the leak estimation expression can be further combined with an existing explicit expression derived for blockage detection. Using this combined expression it is also demonstrated that the proposed approach can detect and estimate leaks and blockages when they are simultaneously present in pipelines.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5078765 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
The lesser spiny eel, Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloch, 1786), holds substantial economic importance as a food fish in South Asia, due to its exceptional nutritional value. This study was conducted to investigate the reproductive ecology of M. aculeatus within the Gajner beel wetland ecosystem in northwestern Bangladesh, with a specific focus on size at sexual maturity, spawning season, and fecundity in relation to eco-climatic variables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Stat
September 2024
Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
State estimation for large-scale non-Gaussian dynamic systems remains an unresolved issue, given nonscalability of the existing particle filter algorithms. To address this issue, this paper extends the Langevinized ensemble Kalman filter (LEnKF) algorithm to non-Gaussian dynamic systems by introducing a latent Gaussian measurement variable to the dynamic system. The extended LEnKF algorithm can converge to the right filtering distribution as the number of stages become large, while inheriting the scalability of the LEnKF algorithm with respect to the sample size and state dimension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReading, face recognition, and navigation are supported by visuospatial computations in category-selective regions across ventral, lateral, and dorsal visual streams. However, the nature of visuospatial computations across streams and their development in adolescence remain unknown. Using fMRI and population receptive field (pRF) modeling in adolescents and adults, we estimate pRFs in high-level visual cortex and determine their development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: infections cause over 12,000 deaths and an estimated one billion dollars in healthcare costs annually in the United States. The cell membrane is an essential structure that is important for protection from the extracellular environment, signal transduction, and transport of nutrients. The polar membrane lipids of are ∼50% glycolipids, a higher percentage than most other organisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Arabian Peninsula is considered the initial site of historic human migration out of Africa. The modern-day indigenous Arabians are believed to be the descendants who remained from the ancient split of the migrants into Eurasia. Here, we investigated how the population history and cultural practices such as endogamy have shaped the genetic variation of the Saudi Arabians.
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