Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of melatonin on recovery from muscular trauma induced in rats.

Exp Mol Pathol

Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA - Graduate Program in Genetics and Applied Toxicology, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA - Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS - Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Luterana do Brasil - Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre - HCPA - Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address:

Published: February 2019

In recent decades, the number of people who practice sports has grown exponentially, increasing the number of muscular injuries. Trauma injury occurs when the muscle is exposed to a sudden compression force. Melatonin (MLT) has often been cited in the literature as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. This study was designed to evaluate MLT action on muscle tissue in Wistar rats in an experimental model of muscle trauma. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups: CO (Control), CO + MLT (Control + Melatonin), T (Trauma) and T + MLT (Trauma + Melatonin). MLT (20 mg/kg) was administered (ip) daily at dusk until day 7. The trauma occurred on day 1, 2 h before the first MLT application. On day 8, muscle tissue was collected for histological analysis (HE), immunohistochemistry (TNF-α and NFκB), evaluation of oxidative stress through analysis of lipoperoxidation by TBARS and activity of SOD and GPx enzymes, and analysis of nitrites and nitrates. In the evaluation of TBARS and SOD, we observed a significant increase in the T group and a significant decrease in the T + MLT group. In the evaluation of GPx, there was a significant increase in the T group and a significant decrease in the T + MLT group. The histological analysis of muscle tissue revealed structural changes of muscle fibers and inflammatory infiltrate in the T group but a decrease in this damage in the T + MLT group. In the immunohistochemical evaluation, increased expression of TNFα and NFκB proteins in the T group was observed and a significant decrease of this expression in the T + MLT group. MLT was shown to attenuate oxidative damage and to diminish the expression of inflammatory proteins and tissue damage in this experimental model.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.12.001DOI Listing

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