Association of Hydrocephalus with Neural Tube Defect: Our Experience with the Surgical Treatment in One or in Two Operative Stages (on Separate Days).

Background: Neural tube defects (spina bifidas or cephaloceles) are congenital malformations that can be associated with hydrocephalus. Even if the surgical management of each of these pathologies separately is well established, this is not the case for a combination of these conditions.

Aim: To report our results of simultaneous or separate surgery for the association of hydrocephalus with neural tube defect in the same patient.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of the association of hydrocephalus with neural tube defect (spina bifida or cephalocele) managed over a period of 7 years at the Department of Neurosurgery, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Results: Thirty-eight cases were included. The mean age was 8.1 months, and the sex ratio was 0.81. There were 27 cases of spina bifida and 11 cases of cephalocele associated with hydrocephalus. A cerebral CT scan was performed in all patients. In 30 cases, the operative management of these pathologies was performed at the same operative time. Eight cases were operated in 2 separate operative stages with a mean time of 30 days between the 2 operations. The course was favorable in 22 patients operated by the simultaneous approach and in 3 patients operated by the separate approach (p = 0.07).

Conclusion: Surgical management of the association of hydrocephalus with neural tube defect in 1 or 2 operative stages gave similar clinical results. However, the treatment in 1 surgical stage would considerably reduce the charges.