Effect of New Thiophene-Derived Aminophosphonic Derivatives on Growth of Terrestrial Plants. Part 2. Their Ecotoxicological Impact and Phytotoxicity Test Toward Herbicidal Application in Agriculture.

The aim of this work was to evaluate phytotoxicity of the thiophene derivatives against three persistent weeds of a high degree of resistance ( Cav. L., and ) as well as their ecotoxicological impact on . In addition, was measured. Two of eight described aminophosphonates, namely dimethyl -(2-methoxyphenyl)amino(2-thienyl)methylphosphonate () and dimethyl -(-butyl)- (2-thienyl)methylphosphonate (), have never been reported before. The phytotoxicity of tested aminophosphonates toward their potential application as soil-applied herbicides was evaluated according to the OECD 208 Guideline. Ecotoxicological properties of investigated compounds were made using the OSTRACODTOXKIT and Microtox tests. Obtained results showed that four aminophosphonates have interesting herbicidal properties and -(2-methylphenyl)amino- (2-thienyl)methylphosphonate () was found to kill efficiently the most resistant plant . None of the tested compounds showed important toxicity against . However, their toxic impact on was significantly elevated. The aminophosphonate showed herbicidal potential and it is not toxic against tested bacteria (EC over 1000 mg/L). It was found to be moderately toxic against ostracods [mortality 48% at 10 mg/kg of soil dry weight (s.d.w.)] and this problem should be solved by the use of the controlled release from a polymeric carrier.