Effect of titanium tetrafluoride addition on the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of Biodentine as intraorfice barrier.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF) incorporation on the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of Biodentine (BD; Septodont, Saint Maur des Faussés, France) as an intraorfice barrier material.

Methods: Three different proportions of TiF powder were used with BD; 1wt%, 2wt%, and 3wt%; respectively. BD without TiF addition was used as the control group. The setting time (ST) was determined using Gillmore needle apparatus. Diametral tensile strength (DTS) and fracture resistance were measured in a universal testing machine. Solubility was assessed using mass variation after 7days water storage. The hardness test was conducted using Vickers microhardness tester. The antibacterial activity was assessed using direct contact test against Enterococcus faecalis. Radiopacity was assessed and expressed in thickness of aluminum. Surface topography and elemental composition of modified BD were also assessed. The pH of soaking water was measured up to 168h. Data of tested properties were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, the paired t-test, two-way repeated measures analysis of variance, and Tukey post hoc tests (P<0.05).

Results: BD-incorporating 2wt% TiF revealed the highest surface microhardness, DTS, and fracture resistance compared with the unmodified group (P<0.001). Higher concentrations of TiF (3wt%) compromised the solubility and prolonged the ST of BD (P<0.05). Bacterial growth of BD-incorporating TiF was significantly reduced when compared with the control group (P<0.05). The tested materials induced alkalization of the soaking water that decreased with time.

Significance: Biodentine-incorporating TiF (1wt% and 2wt%) is a promising intraorfice barrier material with enhanced physicochemical and antibacterial properties.