Malaria is a serious but preventable and treatable infectious disease that is found in over 100 countries around the world. Correct and rapid diagnosis of malaria infection can rescue the patient of getting sicker and reduces the risk of disease spreading among humans. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast is an attractive platform for expressing malaria antigens because it is capable of folding complex proteins, including those requiring disulfide bond formation, while lack the ability to glycosylate proteins; a valuable quality of any malaria protein expression system, since the Plasmodium parasite lacks N-linked glycosylation machinery. In this study, Cell-traversal protein for ookinetes and sporozoites (CelTOS) antigen from Plasmodium falciparum was expressed in the chloroplast of C. reinhardtii and a highly sensitive and specific indirect ELISA test was developed using C. reinhardtii expressed PfCelTOS to detect malaria. Results obtained demonstrated that expressed recombinant PfCelTOS accumulates as a soluble, properly folded and functional protein within C. reinhardtii chloroplast and indirect ELISA using sera from malaria-positive donors suggested the potential use of expressed PfCelTOS as a malaria antigen for diagnosis tests.
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Exploring expression and immune potency in mice using mRNA encoding the malaria antigen, CelTOS.
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Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
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Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.
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Malaria and Vector Research Group (MVRG), Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Avenue, P.O. Box 1316943551, Tehran, Iran.
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Infect Immun
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Malaria and Vector Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
cell-traversal protein for ookinetes and sporozoites (PfCelTOS) is an advanced vaccine candidate that has a crucial role in the traversal of the malaria parasite in both mosquito and mammalian hosts. As recombinant purified proteins are normally poor immunogens, they require to be admixed with an adjuvant(s); therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of different vaccine adjuvants, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), CpG, and Molina fraction 21 (QS-21), alone or in combination (MCQ [MPL/CpG/QS-21]), to enhance the immunogenicity of -expressed PfCelTOS in BALB/c mice. This goal was achieved by the assessment of anti-PfCelTOS IgG antibodies (level, titer, IgG isotype profile, avidity, and persistence) and extracellular Th1 cytokines using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on postimmunized BALB/c mouse sera and PfCelTOS-stimulated splenocytes, respectively.
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