Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults that produces aberrant osteoid. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of 2-deoxy-2-[18F-] fluoro-D-glucose ([F] FDG) and sodium [F] Fluoride (Na [F] F) PET scans in orthotopic murine models of osteosarcoma to describe the metabolic pattern of the tumors, to detect and diagnose tumors and to evaluate the efficacy of a new treatment based in oncolytic adenoviruses.

Methods: Orthotopic osteosarcoma murine models were created by the injection of 143B and 531MII cell lines. [F]FDG and Na [F] F PET scans were performed 30 days (143B) and 90 days (531MII) post-injection. The antitumor effect of two doses (10 and 10 pfu) of the oncolytic adenovirus VCN-01 was evaluated in 531 MII model by [F] FDG PET studies. [F] FDG uptake was quantified by SUVmax and Total Lesion Glycolysis (TLG) indexes. For Na [F] F, the ratio tumor SUVmax/hip SUVmax was calculated. PET findings were confirmed by histopathological techniques.

Results: The metabolic pattern of tumors was different between both orthotopic models. All tumors showed [F] FDG uptake, with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The [F] FDG uptake was significantly higher for the 143B model (p < 0.001). Sensitivity for Na [F] F was around 70% in both models, with a specificity of 100%. 531MII tumors showed a heterogeneous Na [F] F uptake, significantly higher than 143B tumors (p < 0.01). Importantly, [F] FDG and Na [F] F uptake corresponded to highly cellular or osteoid-rich tumors in the histopathological analysis, respectively. [F] FDG data confirmed that the oncolytic treatment of 531MII tumors produced a significant reduction in growth even with the 10 pfu dose.

Conclusions: PET studies demonstrated that the different osteosarcoma xenograft models developed tumors with diverse metabolic patterns that can be described by multitracer PET studies. Since not all tumors produced abundant osteoid, [F] FDG demonstrated a better sensitivity for tumor detection and was able to quantitatively monitor in vivo response to the oncolytic adenovirus VCN-01.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6267920PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-5122-yDOI Listing

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