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Antibiotic prescribing for care-home residents: a population-based, cross-classified multilevel analysis in Scotland, UK.
Age Ageing
January 2025
School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Background: There is wide variation in antibiotic prescribing across care-homes for older people, with implications for resident outcomes and antimicrobial resistance.
Objective: To quantify variation in antibiotic prescribing and associations with resident, care-home and general practice characteristics.
Design: Population-based analyses using administrative data.
Armodafinil as Monotherapy in Treating Narcolepsy with Cataplexy.
Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Guthrie Lourdes Hospital, Binghamton, USA.
In narcolepsy with cataplexy, sodium oxybate and the recently FDA-approved drug pitolisant are preferred medications. Armodafinil, a longer-acting, non-amphetamine stimulant, is often used in patients who have narcolepsy without cataplexy. It enhances alertness by increasing presynaptic dopamine transmission presynaptically, amplifying serotonin in the cerebral cortex, activating glutamatergic circuits, which may contribute to its vigilance-enhancing properties, and stimulating orexin activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMinimizing the profligacy of searches with reset.
Phys Rev E
November 2024
Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LPTMS, 91405 Orsay, France.
We introduce the profligacy of a search process as a competition between its expected cost and the probability of finding the target. The arbiter of the competition is a parameter λ that represents how much a searcher invests into increasing the chance of success. Minimizing the profligacy with respect to the search strategy specifies the optimal search.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtective Behaviors Following Digital COVID-19 Exposure Notifications, Washington State, September 1, 2021, to March 1, 2022.
J Public Health Manag Pract
December 2024
Author Affiliations: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Ms Briggs); Departments of Global Health and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Dr Guthrie); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Dr Elder); Department of Health Systems and Population Health (Ms Revere), Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Ms Molino); Office of Innovation and Technology, Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater, Washington (Mss West and Higgins);Office of Innovation and Technology, Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater and Department of Health Systems and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Dr Karras); and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Dr Baseman).
Context: Digital exposure notification (EN) systems were widely used to supplement public health case investigations and contact tracing during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In Washington State, the state Department of Health (DOH) implemented one such system, WA Notify, which generated ENs based on smartphone Bluetooth proximity detection. However, the privacy preserving measures of this technology prevented collection of information on how users responded after seeing an EN on their device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: SWOG S1815 was a randomized, open label phase III trial, evaluating gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, and cisplatin (GAP) versus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) in patients with newly diagnosed advanced biliary tract cancers (BTCs).
Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed locally advanced unresectable or metastatic BTC, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) and gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), were randomly assigned 2:1 to either GAP (gemcitabine 800 mg/m, cisplatin 25 mg/m, and nab-paclitaxel 100 mg/m intravenously once per day on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle) or GC (gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m and cisplatin 25 mg/m intravenously once per day on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle).
Results: Among 452 randomly assigned participants, 441 were eligible and analyzable, 67% with ICC, 16% with GBC, and 17% with ECC.
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