Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to determine the association of maternal metabolites with newborn adiposity and hyperinsulinaemia in a multi-ethnic cohort of mother-newborn dyads.
Methods: Targeted and non-targeted metabolomics assays were performed on fasting and 1 h serum samples from a total of 1600 mothers in four ancestry groups (Northern European, Afro-Caribbean, Mexican American and Thai) who participated in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study, underwent an OGTT at ~28 weeks gestation and whose newborns had anthropometric measurements at birth.
Results: In this observational study, meta-analyses demonstrated significant associations of maternal fasting and 1 h metabolites with birthweight, cord C-peptide and/or sum of skinfolds across ancestry groups. In particular, maternal fasting triacylglycerols were associated with newborn sum of skinfolds. At 1 h, several amino acids, fatty acids and lipid metabolites were associated with one or more newborn outcomes. Network analyses revealed clusters of fasting acylcarnitines, amino acids, lipids and fatty acid metabolites associated with cord C-peptide and sum of skinfolds, with the addition of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids at 1 h.
Conclusions/interpretation: The maternal metabolome during pregnancy is associated with newborn outcomes. Maternal levels of amino acids, acylcarnitines, lipids and fatty acids and their metabolites during pregnancy relate to fetal growth, adiposity and cord C-peptide, independent of maternal BMI and blood glucose levels.
Introduction: Low birth weight, defined as a birth weight below 2,500 g, represents a significant public health concern with a multifactorial risk dimension. Socio-demographic factors and individual characteristics of women and their social environment could influence low birth weight. This study aimed to analyze the association between the socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of women living in low-income households and low birth weight in Serbia, Kosovo, and Montenegro.
Importance: The diagnosis of congenital auricular deformity often relies on the clinical experience of clinicians, leading to a high incidence of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis due to the lack of quantitative diagnostic criteria.
Objective: To characterize auricle morphology in newborns from southern China and explore the underlying etiology of congenital auricle deformity.
Methods: A total of 636 neonates (1272 ears) with less than seven days old were included.
The connection between the immune response and the composition of gut microbiota has been associated with an increased prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the first year of life. The study aimed to investigate gut microbiota characteristics in infants with atopic dermatitis compared to healthy infants to better understand the link between early-life microbiota composition and the development of atopic dermatitis. The study analyzed the intestinal microbiota of 121 infants with clinical signs of atopic dermatitis, divided into Group I (infants with atopic dermatitis) and Group II (healthy controls).
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease observed in premature infants, characterized by intestinal ischemia and inflammation. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), a master regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia and ischemia, plays a critical role in NEC pathogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which HIF-1α influences the intestines in NEC remain poorly understood.
Objectives: The objectives of the study are to investigate infection risk in offspring born to women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with offspring born to women without SLE and examine the mediating role of preterm birth.
Design: This is a register-based cohort study.
Setting: Liveborn singletons born in Sweden, 2006-2021, were included in the study.
