Although tissue engineering using human-induced pluripotent stem cells is a promising approach for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, some limiting factors include the survival, electrical integration, maturity, scalability, and immune response of three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissues. Here we discuss these important roadblocks facing the tissue engineering field and suggest potential approaches to overcome these challenges.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6249300PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-018-0202-8DOI Listing

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