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Natural variation in acyl editing is a determinant of seed storage oil composition. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Seeds show significant differences in fatty acid composition, with researchers using a special genetic population called MAGIC to understand these variations in Arabidopsis thaliana oil.
  • Four quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified that relate to the levels of a specific fatty acid, 11-eicosenoic acid (20:1), with one QTL linked to the candidate gene LPCAT2 instead of a previously assumed gene.
  • The study found that a single genetic change in the LPCAT2 promoter affects its expression, influencing the amount of 20:1 fatty acid in seeds, highlighting the role of genetic factors in oil composition in oilseed plants.

Article Abstract

Seeds exhibit wide variation in the fatty acid composition of their storage oil. However, the genetic basis of this variation is only partially understood. Here we have used a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population to study the genetic control of fatty acid chain length in Arabidopsis thaliana seed oil. We mapped four quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the quantity of the major very long chain fatty acid species 11-eicosenoic acid (20:1), using multiple QTL modelling. Surprisingly, the main-effect QTL does not coincide with FATTY ACID ELONGASE 1 and a parallel genome wide association study suggested that LYSOPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE ACYLTRANSFERASE 2 (LPCAT2) is a candidate for this QTL. Regression analysis also suggested that LPCAT2 expression and 20:1 content in seeds of the 19 MAGIC founder accessions are related. LPCAT is a key component of the Lands cycle; an acyl editing pathway that enables acyl-exchange between the acyl-Coenzyme A and phosphatidylcholine precursor pools used for microsomal fatty acid elongation and desaturation, respectively. We Mendelianised the main-effect QTL using biparental chromosome segment substitution lines and carried out complementation tests to show that a single cis-acting polymorphism in the LPCAT2 promoter causes the variation in seed 20:1 content, by altering the LPCAT2 expression level and total LPCAT activity in developing siliques. Our work establishes that oilseed species exhibit natural variation in the enzymic capacity for acyl editing and this contributes to the genetic control of storage oil composition.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6255774PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35136-6DOI Listing

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