Background: We studied the impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and serotype distribution in a region with intermediate levels of vaccination (around 64% in children aged <2 years).
Methods: Surveillance data on IPD cases reported by microbiologists participating in the Microbiological Reporting System of Catalonia during 2006-2014 were analysed. We compared estimated incidence rate (IR) ratios for serotypes included in PCV7, PCV10non7, PCV13non10 and non-PCV13 between the PCV7 (2006-2009) and PCV13 periods (2010-2014). IR were corrected for missing serotypes according to year and age groups: <2 years, 2-4 years, 5-64 years and ≥65 years.
Results: A total of 9338 IPD cases were reported. Overall IPD incidence declined by 26.2% (from 16.4 to 12.1) in the PCV13 period. The largest decrease was observed in children aged 2-4 years (44.5%, from 37.4 to 20.8). Pneumonia fell in all age groups with the largest reduction in children aged 2-4 years (49.3%) and <2 years (42%). PCV13 serotypes decreased significantly in all age groups, from 52% (31.6 to 15.1) in children aged 2-4 years to 35% (22.8 to 14.8) in adults aged ≥65 years. Non-PCV13 serotypes rose by 13% (14.8 to 16.8) in people aged ≥65 years.
Conclusions: In a region with intermediate vaccination coverage, the introduction of PCV13 has reduced the overall incidence of IPD, mainly due to the decrease in PCV13 serotypes in all age groups, suggesting herd immunity. Non-PCV13 serotypes have increased in adults aged ≥65 years, suggesting serotype replacement. Higher PCV13 vaccination coverage in children will further reduce IPD incidence in all age groups.
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Article Synopsis
- The text discusses the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), specifically PCV10 and PCV13, on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) globally, highlighting how these vaccines have reduced the prevalence of disease caused by vaccine-type serotypes after extensive use.
- It describes the methodology of data collection from various surveillance sites, which aimed to evaluate IPD cases that occurred five years after the vaccines were implemented, focusing on different age groups for analysis.
- Findings indicate significant differences in serotype distribution between PCV10 and PCV13 sites; notably, certain serotypes, such as 19A and serotype 3, were prevalent in specific age groups, signaling ongoing challenges in controlling
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