This work studied the influence of pyrolysis temperature on the energy and mass balance of pyrolysis of rice husk (RH), cotton stalk (CS) and fruit branch (FB) in a pilot-scale biomass pyrolytic poly-generation plant. The paper presents energy balance and self-sufficiency assessment of pilot-scale pyrolysis plant processing different types of biomass. The results also include characterization of the pyrolysis products. The volatile matter varied from 6.5 to 25.8% at different temperatures for the three feed stocks, which can be used as indexes for the degree of carbonization of biochar. The yield of pyrolysis gases enriched with H, CH and other alkanes, and olefins increased significantly with increasing pyrolysis temperature from 550 to 650 °C. With a lower heating value >17.1 MJ/m, an energy self-sufficient system is possible using only the pyrolysis gas. Biomass pyrolytic poly-generation technology offers a promising means of converting abundant agricultural residues into energy and added-value products.
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