Novel nano-sized chitosan amphotericin B formulation with considerable improvement against Leishmania major.

Aim: Improvement in the treatment of Leishmania major's pathological effects through increasing the dose of amphotericin B loaded into nanochitosan.

Materials & Methods: The phase separation method was used for nanochitosan synthesis and amphotericin loading. Also a novel solvent was designed and the nanodrug efficacy was evaluated in vitro and in vivo (pathology) environments.

Results: The drug loading efficiency of 90%, along with slow drug-release with cellular uptake of 98.6% was achieved. The novel solvent was composed of 10% acetic acid, and it was succeeded to dissolve AK10 mg/kg. Also, AK10 mg/kg had no side effects in in vitro and in vivo environments. In addition, the complete wound healing and parasite inhibition were achieved by using AK10 mg/kg in terms of improvement the treatment indicators.

Conclusion: Increasing the therapeutic dose of AK to 10 mg/kg caused the successful treatment of L. major's pathological effects in in vitro and in vivo environments.