AI Article Synopsis
- Fine particulate matter (PM) less than 2.5 µm is linked to negative health effects, but toxicity levels vary based on particle size and chemical components.
- Different sources of fine particles were assessed—including diesel and gasoline engines, biomass burning, coal combustion, and road dust—to determine their toxicity.
- Diesel engine exhaust particles were found to be the most toxic, followed by gasoline exhaust, biomass burning, and coal, indicating that traffic is a key factor in the harmful effects of fine particles.
Article Abstract
Fine particulate matters less than 2.5 µm (PM) in the ambient atmosphere are strongly associated with adverse health effects. However, it is unlikely that all fine particles are equally toxic in view of their different sizes and chemical components. Toxicity of fine particles produced from various combustion sources (diesel engine, gasoline engine, biomass burning (rice straw and pine stem burning), and coal combustion) and non-combustion sources (road dust including sea spray aerosols, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and secondary organic aerosols (SOA)), which are known major sources of PM, was determined. Multiple biological and chemical endpoints were integrated for various source-specific aerosols to derive toxicity scores for particles originating from different sources. The highest toxicity score was obtained for diesel engine exhaust particles, followed by gasoline engine exhaust particles, biomass burning particles, coal combustion particles, and road dust, suggesting that traffic plays the most critical role in enhancing the toxic effects of fine particles. The toxicity ranking of fine particles produced from various sources can be used to better understand the adverse health effects caused by different fine particle types in the ambient atmosphere, and to provide practical management of fine particles beyond what can be achieved only using PM mass which is the current regulation standard.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6242998 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35398-0 | DOI Listing |
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