Advances made in the last several decades in the care of the fetus and newborn have had a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Delayed umbilical cord clamping in the preterm newborn results in fewer transfusions for anemia, decreased intraventricular hemorrhage, and decreased necrotizing enterocolitis. Because of advances made in fetal ultrasound diagnosis and technological advances, fetal surgeries to treat congenital diaphragmatic hernia, myelomeningocele, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, fetal lower urinary tract obstructions, amniotic band syndrome, and congenital cystic adenoid malformation or congenital pulmonary airway malformations have improved the quality of life and survival for these patients.
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