This article argues for the importance of forbidden triads - open triads with high-weight edges - in predicting success in creative fields. Forbidden triads had been treated as a residual category beyond closed and open triads, yet I argue that these structures provide opportunities to combine socially evolved styles in new ways. Using data on the entire history of recorded jazz from 1896 to 2010, I show that observed collaborations have tolerated the openness of high weight triads more than expected, observed jazz sessions had more forbidden triads than expected, and the density of forbidden triads contributed to the success of recording sessions, measured by the number of record releases of session material. The article also shows that the sessions of Miles Davis had received an especially high boost from forbidden triads.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41109-017-0051-2 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
October 2021
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
A σ-π extended aryldisilane, comprising a thienopyrazine group as an acceptor fragment and phenothiazine groups as the donor moiety, has been prepared through the introduction of two Si-Si bridges (compound 1). X-ray diffraction analysis determined the crystal structure of 1, and experimental and theoretical approaches investigated its optical properties. Solvatochromic studies revealed the dual emission of 1 in all solvents tested.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
February 2018
Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.
When humans perform tasks together, they may reach a higher performance in comparison to the best member of a group (i.e., a collective benefit).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Netw Sci
September 2017
Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
J Phys Condens Matter
March 2014
ISIS Facility, STFC, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK. Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK.
Resonant diffraction of x-rays by crystals with anisotropic optical properties is investigated theoretically, to assess how the intensity of a Bragg spot is influenced by effects related to dispersion (birefringence) and absorption (dichroism). Starting from an exact but opaque expression, simple analytic results are found to expose how intensity depends on dispersion and absorption in the primary and secondary beams and, also, the azimuthal angle (rotation of the crystal about the Bragg wavevector). If not the full story for a given application, our results are more than adequate to explore consequences of dispersion and absorption in the intensity of a Bragg spot.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
May 2007
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Nanosecond time-resolved absorption studies in a magnetic field ranging from 0 to 2.0 T have been performed on a series of covalently linked donor(PXZ)-Ru(bipyridine)3-acceptor(diquat) complexes (D-C2+-A2+). In the PXZ moiety, the heteroatom (X = O (oxygen), T (sulfur), and S (selenium)) is systematically varied to study spin-orbit coupling effects.
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