Fatty acid synthesis (FAS) in mitochondria produces a key metabolite called lipoic acid. However, a new study by Van Vranken et al.[1] (Mol. Cell 2018;71:567-580) shows that mitochondrial FAS regulates the assembly of oxidative phosphorylation complexes, thereby functioning as a nutrient sensor for mitochondrial respiration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2018.10.003 | DOI Listing |
Biomolecules
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
The species (Cuvier, 1829) is the only representative of the family Niphonidae and the genus , and its taxonomic history is complicated; it is still unclear in a phylogenetic sense. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of (OP391482), which was determined to be 16,503 bp long with biased A + T contents (53.8%) using next-generation technology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Obes (Lond)
January 2025
Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Background: Metabolic dysregulation, a defining feature of obesity, disrupts essential signalling pathways involved in nutrient sensing and mitochondria homeostasis. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF-2) serves as a pivotal regulator of the cellular stress response, and recent studies have implicated it in the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric, has been identified as a potent activator of NRF-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Death Discov
January 2025
The Third Affiliated of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Cancer development is associated with adaptation to various stressful conditions, such as extracellular acidosis. The adverse tumor microenvironment also selects for increased malignancy. Mitochondria are integral in stress sensing to allow for tumor cells to adapt to stressful conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908.
Although viruses subvert innate immune pathways for their replication, there is evidence they can also co-opt antiviral responses for their benefit. The ubiquitous human pathogen, Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), encodes a protein (UL12.5) that induces the release of mitochondrial nucleic acid into the cytosol, which activates immune-sensing pathways and reduces productive replication in nonneuronal cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxid Redox Signal
January 2025
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Vascular Biology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
The mitochondria play a key role in maintaining oxygen homeostasis under normal oxygen tension (normoxia) and during oxygen deprivation (hypoxia). This is a critical balancing act between the oxygen content of the blood, the tissue oxygen sensing mechanisms, and the mitochondria, which ultimately consume most oxygen for energy production. We describe the well-defined role of the mitochondria in oxygen metabolism with a special focus on the impact on blood physiology and pathophysiology.
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