In a previous paper, direct-acting mutagenicity was reported in emission gas from incomplete municipal incineration using Salmonella typhimurium TA-98 and TA-100. This paper reports the detection of dinitropyrene (DNP) as a direct-acting mutagen using nitrogen selective gas chromatography. The gas-phase photochemical reaction of pyrene with nitrogen dioxide was examined in a quartz vessel with various reaction times and temperatures. 1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) was readily formed from pyrene in the absence of light irradiation and at low temperature, but DNP was not formed under similar conditions. DNP formation was catalyzed by nitric acid. The formation of DNP is dependent on light irradiation, temperature and HNO3 as catalyst. In a combustion source these factors affect the formation of DNP.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(88)90002-2 | DOI Listing |
Water Res
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; SWING - Department of Built Environment, Oslo Metropolitan University, St Olavs plass 0130, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address:
Climate resilience in water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) necessitates improved adaptation to shock-loading conditions and mitigating greenhouse gas emission. Data-driven learning methods are widely utilised in soft-sensors for decision support and process optimization due to their simplicity and high predictive accuracy. However, unlike for mechanistic models, transferring machine-learning-based insights across systems is largely infeasible, which limits communication and knowledge sharing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Climate Finance and Policy Group, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
By providing guarantees and direct lending, public export credit agencies (ECAs) de-risk and thus enable energy projects worldwide. Despite their importance for global greenhouse gas emission pathways, a systematic assessment of ECAs' role and financing patterns in the low-carbon energy transition is still needed. Using commercial transaction data, here we analyze 921 energy deals backed by ECAs from 31 OECD and non-OECD countries (excluding Canada) between 2013 and 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
College of Economics and Finance, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, 362021, China.
High carbon sectors (agriculture, industry, construction, and transportation) contribute nearly 85% of carbon emissions, highlighting the urgent need for transitioning towards cleaner energy structures in these sectors. This study utilizes the undesirable SBM model to assess TFEE (total factor energy efficiency) across the total sector and high carbon sectors. It decomposes TFEE from an energy structural perspective into coal, oil, natural gas, and electric heat efficiencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Oleo Sci
January 2025
Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology.
Coelomic fluid of earthworms is a valuable source of novel bioactive compounds with therapeutic applications. To gain insight into the bioactive compounds in the coelomic fluid, this study used Perionyx excavatus, a tropical earthworm distinguished for its remarkable ability for regeneration. This study aimed to identify fluorescent bioactive compounds in the coelomic fluid of P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
January 2025
The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address:
This work is the first comprehensive survey of the Yangtze River, covering its origin to the estuary mouth. It focuses on the geographical and industrial factors influencing the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments, along with their contamination levels, sources, and ecological risks. The total concentrations of PAHs ranged from 2.
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