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Analysis of the biodegradation and phytotoxicity mechanism of TNT, RDX, HMX in alfalfa (Medicago sativa).
Chemosphere
October 2021
State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how the explosives TNT, RDX, and HMX affect the toxicity in alfalfa plants, focusing on chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activity, and metabolite changes.
- Alfalfa exhibited degradation rates of TNT (26.8%), RDX (20.4%), and HMX (18.4%), with TNT causing more severe damage to root structure and photosynthesis than the other two explosives.
- The research identified 6,185 metabolites, revealing that TNT, RDX, and HMX exposure disrupted various metabolic pathways and highlighted significant ecological toxicity effects on plant health.
Integration of paper spray ionization high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry for forensic applications.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom
April 2018
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Rationale: Paper spray ionization (PSI) is an attractive ambient ionization source for mass spectrometry (MS) since it allows the combination of surface sampling and ionization. The minimal sample preparation inherent in this approach greatly reduces the time needed for analysis. However, the ions generated from interfering compounds in the sample and the paper substrate may interfere with the analyte ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3D Printed Electrodes for Detection of Nitroaromatic Explosives and Nerve Agents.
Anal Chem
September 2017
Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical Mathematical Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has proven to be a versatile and useful technology for specialized applications in industry and also for scientific research. We demonstrate its potential use toward the electrochemical detection of nitroaromatic compounds 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), and fenitrothion (FT). The detection of these compounds is of utmost importance in military and forensic applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrinitrotoluene Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in HePG2 Cells.
Med Sci Monit
November 2015
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland).
Background: This study aims to describe trinitrotoluene (TNT)-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis in HePG2 cells.
Material And Methods: HePG2 cells were cultured in vitro with 0, 6, 12, or 24 μg/ml TNT solution for 12, 24, and 48 h. Western blotting was performed to detect intracellular ERS-related proteins, including glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78, GRP94, Caspase 4, p-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
Explosive and chemical threat detection by surface-enhanced Raman scattering: a review.
Anal Chim Acta
September 2015
Division of Bionanophotonics, Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
Acts of terror and warfare threats are challenging tasks for defense agencies around the world and of growing importance to security conscious policy makers and the general public. Explosives and chemical warfare agents are two of the major concerns in this context, as illustrated by the recent Boston Marathon bombing and nerve gas attacks on civilians in the Middle East. To prevent such tragic disasters, security personnel must be able to find, identify and deactivate the threats at multiple locations and levels.
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