AI Article Synopsis
- Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease caused by parasites that impacts over 700,000 people each year, leading to various immune responses and clinical symptoms.* ! * Macrophages, the host cells for these parasites, play a crucial role in determining whether the immune response is controlled or worsened, based on two types: M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory).* ! * The review discusses how the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages influences leishmaniasis, along with the effects of salivary components from the disease vector and the adaptability of the parasites within macrophages.* !
Article Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease that affects more than 700,000 people annually. parasites cause the disease, and different species trigger a distinct immune response and clinical manifestations. Macrophages are the final host cells for the proliferation of parasites, and these cells are the key to a controlled or exacerbated response that culminates in clinical manifestations. M1 and M2 are the two main macrophage phenotypes. M1 is a pro-inflammatory subtype with microbicidal properties, and M2, or alternatively activated, is an anti-inflammatory/regulatory subtype that is related to inflammation resolution and tissue repair. The present review elucidates the roles of M1 and M2 polarization in leishmaniasis and highlights the role of the salivary components of the vector and the action of the parasite in the macrophage plasticity.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6220043 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02529 | DOI Listing |
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