Measurement of electrostatic potential, or local electric field, turbulence is a critical missing component in validating nonlinear turbulence and transport simulations of fusion plasmas. A novel diagnostic is being developed for measuring local electric field fluctuations, , via high-speed measurements of the light emitted from a hydrogenic neutral beam. It exploits the proportionality of the spectral line splitting from the Motional Stark Effect to the total electric field experienced by the neutral atom at the excitation site. The measurement is localized by the usual cross-beam geometry of beam-spectroscopy measurements. The corner stone of the diagnostic is a high spectral resolution, high etendue spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS). A SHS design with high etendue (∼5 mm sr) and resolution (∼0.14 nm) meets the formidable spectrometer requirements. Field tests of the spectrometer at the DIII-D tokamak demonstrate that the beam emission spectrum produced by the SHS agrees with that of a traditional spectrometer and that the measured flux is adequate for turbulence studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5039285 | DOI Listing |
Nat Ecol Evol
January 2025
Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models specializing in the generation of new data with the statistical patterns and properties of the data upon which the models were trained has profoundly influenced a range of academic disciplines, industry and public discourse. Combined with the vast amounts of diverse data now available to ecologists, from genetic sequences to remotely sensed animal tracks, generative AI presents enormous potential applications within ecology. Here we draw upon a range of fields to discuss unique potential applications in which generative AI could accelerate the field of ecology, including augmenting data-scarce datasets, extending observations of ecological patterns and increasing the accessibility of ecological data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Accurate, practical, and robust evaluation of the battery state of health is crucial to the efficient and reliable operation of electric vehicles. However, the limited availability of large-scale, high-quality field data hinders the development of the battery management system for state of health estimation, lifetime prediction, and fault detection in various applications. In this work, to gain insights into underlying factors limiting battery management system performance in real-world vehicles, we analyze the operational data of 300 diverse electric vehicles over three years to understand the disparities between field data and laboratory battery test data and their effect on state of health estimation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
January 2025
School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
As breath nitric oxide (NO) is a biomarker of respiratory inflammation, reliable techniques for the online detection of ppb-level NO in exhaled breath are essential for the noninvasive diagnosis of respiratory inflammation. Here, we report a breath NO sensor based on the multiperiodic spectral reconstruction neural network. First, a spectral reconstruction method that transforms a spectrum from the wavelength domain to the intensity domain is proposed to remove noise and interference signals from the spectrum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201403, China. Electronic address:
Edible mushroom-derived polysaccharides (EMPs) have been widely used in foods, medicine, and cosmetics due to theirs' diverse and versatile biological activities. Currently, many conventional extraction methods for extracting EMPs are struggling to meet the growing demand, and the produced EMPs with poor quality and low bioactivity. Novel physical field (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
January 2025
Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
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