We succeeded in driving the unidirectional rigid-body rotation of cholesteric (Ch) double-twist cylinder (DTC) droplets under a heat flux along the cylindrical symmetry axis. To directly observe the rigid-body rotation of DTC droplets, in each of which the center of the rotation and the symmetry axis of the structure correspond, we fabricated DTC aggregates that comprise several DTCs with intact structures. Given a steady heat flux, the DTC aggregates metastabilized by the shape and the surface anchoring show a unidirectional rigid-body rotation with a constant angular velocity. The rotational direction is determined by the molecular chirality and the direction of the heat flux, and the rotational velocity increases with the temperature gradient and decreases with the aggregation number N of the DTCs as 1 + 2/sin2(π/N). The behavior agrees with a simple model based on the linear phenomenological equation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01565a | DOI Listing |
Ann Biomed Eng
December 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, MSC 1185-208-125, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Purpose: To determine how the biomechanical vulnerability of the human brain is affected by features of individual anatomy and loading.
Methods: To identify the features that contribute most to brain vulnerability, we imparted mild harmonic acceleration to the head and measured the resulting brain motion and deformation using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). Oscillatory motion was imparted to the heads of adult participants using a lateral actuator (n = 24) or occipital actuator (n = 24) at 20 Hz, 30 Hz, and 50 Hz.
J Clin Med
November 2024
Department of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary.
While the basal region of the left ventricle (LV) rotates in a clockwise (cw) direction, the apical regions of the LV rotate in a counterclockwise (ccw) direction in healthy circumstances. Although LV rotational mechanics help optimize LV ejection, in some cases, LV twist is missing. This clinical situation, when the LV base and the apex rotate in the same cw or ccw direction, is called LV 'rigid body rotation' (LV-RBR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Biotheor
November 2024
Amazon Web Services, 7 W34th Street, New York, NY, 10001, USA.
Coarse-grain models are essential to understand the biological function of DNA molecules because the length and time scales of the sequence-dependent physical properties of DNA are often beyond the reach of experimental and all-atom computational methods. Simulating coarse-grain models of DNA, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary.
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels contribute to immunocyte activation, insulin secretion, and central thermoregulation. TRPM2 opens upon binding cytosolic Ca and ADP ribose (ADPR). We present here the 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
November 2024
Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongō, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
The Roberts linkage is recognized for enabling long-period pendulum motion in a compact format. Utilizing this characteristic, we are developing a three-point Roberts linkage for vibration isolation systems, with an eye toward its potential contribution to the development of next-generation interferometric gravitational wave antennas. In this article, we derived the equations to determine the essential parameters when using this linkage as a vibration isolation system, namely, the equivalent pendulum length and the relationship between translational motion of the center of mass and rigid body rotation, from size parameters.
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