Boundary layer considerations in a multi-layer model for LDL accumulation.

Boundary layer effects for Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) concentration problems in a multi-layer artery model are analyzed in this work. Both a straight artery and aorta-iliac bifurcation are analyzed. Mass, momentum and species governing equations are based on the porous media theory and solved with the commercial finite-element based code COMSOL Multiphysics. For the straight artery, various inlet velocities, arterial sizes and intramural pressure values are investigated. Results are presented in terms of concentration profiles close to the lumen/endothelium interface and boundary layer thickness. It is shown that the boundary layer is affected by all of the three analyzed parameters. The results in this work will further clarify the concentration polarization effects imposed by the arterial wall.