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Influence of foraminal enlargement on the healing of periapical lesions in rat molars. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of foraminal enlargement on the healing of induced apical periodontitis in a rat model.

Material And Methods: Periapical lesions were bilaterally induced in mandibular first molars of 24 Wistar rats, through root canals exposure to the oral environment during 3 weeks. Endodontic treatment was performed in the mesial canal of right molars, which were separated into two experimental groups (n = 12/group). The foraminal enlargement group (FEG) received instrumentation in the entire root canal length, including the cemental canal, while in the non-foraminal enlargement group (NFEG), instrumentation was carried out 1 mm short of the apical foramen. Root canals were filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer, in the same visit, 1 mm short of the apical foramen in both experimental groups. Left molars were not treated and served as a baseline control group. The animals were killed after 4 weeks, and their hemi-mandibles were prepared for radiographic and histological analysis. Data were analyzed by Student's t test and ANOVA.

Results: Only FEG presented lower areas of periapical radiolucency compared to the control (p < .05). Both FEG and NFEG allowed decreased inflammation intensity (p < .0001 and p < .01) and higher scores of cementum neoformation when compared to non-treated samples (p < .0001). FEG was more effective than NFEG in promoting biological seal, i.e., apical closure with cementum (p < .01). FEG, but not NFEG, showed lower scores of root resorption than the control.

Conclusions: Foraminal enlargement during root canal preparation improved periapical healing in rat molars.

Clinical Significance: Foraminal enlargement has been suggested to improve disinfection at the apical portion of root canals. This procedure may favor the healing of chronic periapical lesions.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2628-2DOI Listing

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