Cost Differences Associated With Oncology Care Delivered in a Community Setting Versus a Hospital Setting: A Matched-Claims Analysis of Patients With Breast, Colorectal, and Lung Cancers.

Purpose:: Access to high-quality cancer care remains a challenge for many patients. One such barrier is the increasing cost of treatment. With recent shifts in cancer care delivery from community-based to hospital-based clinics, we examined whether this shift could result in increased costs for patients with three common tumor types.

Methods:: Cost data for 6,675 patients with breast, lung, and colorectal cancer were extracted from the IMS LifeLink database and analyzed as cost per patient per month (PPPM). Patients treated within a community setting were matched (2 to 1) with those treated at a hospital clinic on the basis of cancer type, chemotherapy regimen, receipt of radiation therapy, presence of metastatic disease, sex, prior surgery, and geographic region. Approximately 84% of patients were younger than 65 years of age.

Results:: Mean total PPPM cost was significantly lower for patients treated in a community- versus hospital-based clinic ($12,548 [standard deviation {SD}, $10,507] v $20,060 [SD, $16,555]; P < .001). The PPPM chemotherapy cost was also significantly lower in the community setting ($4,933 [SD, $4,983] v $8,443 [SD, $10,391]; P < .001). The lower cost observed in community practice was irrespective of chemotherapy regimen and tumor type.

Conclusion:: We observed significantly increased costs of care for our patient population treated at hospital-based clinics versus those treated at community-based clinics, largely driven by the increased cost of chemotherapy and provider visits in hospital-based clinics. If the site of cancer care delivery continues to shift toward hospital-based clinics, the increased health care spending for payers and patients should be better elucidated and addressed.