A growing number of studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) widely participate in the process of osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of a variety of stem cells and osteoblasts, and play an important role in maintaining the balance of bone metabolism. LncRNA H19 regulates the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) as upstream gene or through direct adsorption, changes the expressions of osteogenic differentiation related genes (RUNX2, OCN, etc.) via Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and Notch signal transduction pathways, and consequently adjusts the process of bone formation. This paper reviews some research progress on the effect of lncRNA H19 on bone diseases, which may help to understand the function and mechanism of lncRNA H19 in regulating the occurrence and development of bone diseases and provide more reliable theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolism related diseases.
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