AI Article Synopsis
- A water-soluble complex of butachlor was created using (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), indicating a 1:1 ratio and a high stability constant of 864.3 M.
- Various analytical techniques confirmed the formation of the complex, suggesting that butachlor is fully encapsulated in the HP-β-CD cavity.
- The inclusion complex improved herbicidal effectiveness and reduced toxicity to aquatic life, highlighting its potential for creating eco-friendly herbicide formulations.
Article Abstract
A water-soluble inclusion complex for butachlor was prepared by complexation with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). Phase solubility results indicated a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with an apparent stability constant of 864.3 M in the obtained solid complex. The formation of the complex was confirmed by H nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, and differential scanning calorimetry spectra. Coupled with the molecular docking results, butachlor was considered to be completely included in HP-β-CD cavity. Butachlor complexation with HP-β-CD decreased its adsorption capacity and enhanced its mobility in soil. The inclusion complex displayed better herbicidal activities than free butachlor. The 96 h median lethal concentration values of the inclusion complex and free butachlor was 2.30 and 0.65 mg L, respectively, for zebrafish, indicating that the complexation could significantly reduce toxicity to fishes. The present study provides an approach to develop environment-friendly formulations using CDs for herbicides.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04812 | DOI Listing |
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