Kidney Cancer: Toxicity Management, Symptom Control, and Palliative Care.

The challenges of managing the toxicities associated with the current armamentarium to combat kidney cancer continue to grow. It is therefore paramount for providers to not only have knowledge of the disease, but to also have an understanding of the potential adverse effects associated with the various treatments. In addition, it is important to incorporate palliative care strategies to help manage symptoms, improve quality of life, and support patients and their families throughout the continuum of the disease. This article will discuss the general toxicities and symptomatic issues encountered in patients with kidney cancer who are receiving targeted therapies and immunotherapies. It will also define the components of palliative care and its benefits. The recommendations in this article are from source documentation noted in various guidelines of the Oncology Nursing Society, ASCO, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer. We feel it is appropriate to modify and individualize management as deemed necessary to provide the best outcome for patients and their families.