International disparities in outcomes from pediatric solid tumors remain striking. Herein, we review the current literature regarding management, outcomes, and barriers to care for pediatric solid tumors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In sub-Saharan Africa, Wilms Tumor represents the most commonly encountered solid tumor of childhood and has been the primary target of recent efforts to improve outcomes in low-resource settings. Aggressive and treatment-resistant tumor biology may play a role in poor outcomes within certain populations, but socioeconomic barriers remain the principal drivers of preventable mortality. Management protocols that include measures to address socioeconomic barriers have demonstrated early success in reducing abandonment of therapy. Further work is required to improve infrastructure and general pediatric care to address disparities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children5110143 | DOI Listing |
Arch Gynecol Obstet
January 2025
Department of Congenital Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097, San Donato, Milan, Italy.
Objectives: Congenital thoracic masses (CTMs) are suspected in presence of solid or cystic thoracic lesions at ultrasound. The common typical fetal CTMs encompass: hyperechogenic lung lesions such as congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), broncopulmonary sequestration (PS) and congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS); less common solid thoracic masses are mediastinal/pericardial tumors as rhabdomyoma and teratoma. The aim of our study is to gather the available evidence on cases of atypical CTMs of difficult classification, for which the diagnosis remains often uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Med
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Medical images play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric solid tumors. The field of radiology, pathology, and other image-based diagnostics are getting increasingly important and advanced. This indicates a need for advanced image processing technology such as Deep Learning (DL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunother Cancer
January 2025
Division Genetic Immunotherapy, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy of solid cancer remains below expectations; adding cytokine help through IL-18 has shown remarkable efficacy in first clinical trials. As IL-18 is also a powerful driver of hyperinflammatory conditions, we discuss to what extent unleashing IL-18 is a double-edged sword in CAR T cell therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Hum Genet
January 2025
Division of Biostatistics, Data Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. Electronic address:
Mosaic loss of Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic chromosomal alteration detected in human blood. The presence of mLOY is associated with altered blood cell counts and increased risk of Alzheimer disease, solid tumors, and other age-related diseases. We sought to gain a better understanding of genetic drivers and associated phenotypes of mLOY through analyses of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a large set of genetically diverse males from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Med
January 2025
Medical Radiation Sciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address:
Purpose: This study aims to systematically evaluate all radionuclides used in knee RSV to date and identify the most suitable radionuclide for knee RSV.
Methods: To compare knee RSV with Y-90, P-32, Ho-166, Re-188, Au-198, Lu-177, Sm-153, and Re-186, we measured the radiation dose to non-target organs and the inducing of secondary malignancies in knee RSV patient, the radiation dose to family member and medical staff from the knee RSV patients, and the quality of post-treatment images.
Results: The Lifetime Attributable Risks of cancer incidence and mortality and the Relative Risks of solid cancer incidence and mortality are significantly higher for Y-90 and P-32 in both adult and pediatric patients compared to other radionuclides used in knee RSV.
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