[Anesthesia for War Wounded at the Osaka Military Wartime Hospital: From Ishiguro's Report of the Osaka Military Wartime Hospital].

8,569 government soldiers were transferred from Kyushu areas to the Osaka Military Wartime Hospital during the Seinan War in 1877. Among them, 5,990 soldiers were wounded, and 357 out of them under- went moderate to major surgeries including amputa- tion of the extremities under chloroform or chloro- form-ether (50%: 50%) anesthesia using Skinner's mask. Although 83 (23.2%, 83/357) died postopera- tively, no severe anesthetic complications were observed.