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Hyperlipidemia in Saudi Arabian Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Cureus
November 2024
Rheumatology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, SAU.
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with increased cardiovascular risk, partly due to dyslipidemia. This study aimed to evaluate the lipid profiles of Saudi Arabian patients with SLE and examine the impact of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and steroid use on these profiles, with a particular focus on patients with lupus nephritis. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, including SLE patients treated at the hospital's rheumatology clinic between July 2023 and December 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal endoscopy in Vietnam: a narrative review.
Ther Adv Gastrointest Endosc
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has witnessed significant progress and promising results in recent years worldwide. From 2019 to 2023, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy has released multiple guidelines/consensus with recommendations on integrating AI for detecting and classifying lesions in practical endoscopy. In Vietnam, since 2019, several preliminary studies have been conducted to develop AI algorithms for GI endoscopy, focusing on lesion detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety and Efficacy of Ecopipam in Patients with Tourette Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
CNS Drugs
December 2024
Pediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, 249203, India.
Background And Objectives: Ecopipam is a selective antagonist of the dopamine D1 receptor, and its efficacy and safety have recently been explored in several clinical trials involving patients with Tourette syndrome (TS). The objectives of this systematic review were to determine the pooled estimate for efficacy [in terms of reduction in tic Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) scores] and safety of oral ecopipam in subjects with TS.
Methods: All clinical trials that explored the efficacy and/or safety of ecopipam in patients with TS were included to determine the pooled estimate for change in YGTSS, Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-TS, and the severity of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsion disorder (OCD), and depressive symptoms, as well as the nature and frequency of adverse effects.
The evolution of ventriculoperitoneal shunt valves and why they fail.
World Neurosurg
December 2024
Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America. Electronic address:
This paper reviews the historical progression of ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve designs with the goal of providing an understanding of their functionality and failure mechanisms. While shunting is the predominant treatment for hydrocephalus, the statistics of overall shunt failure remain high, and valve failure is responsible for a significant percentage of revision surgeries. Therefore, this review spans valve evolution from an engineering perspective with an emphasis on discussing potential failure mechanisms and patient specific valve selection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation genetics and molecular xenomonitoring of Biomphalaria freshwater snails along the southern shoreline of Lake Malawi, Malawi.
Parasit Vectors
December 2024
Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.
Background: Intestinal schistosomiasis was confirmed endemic in Mangochi District, Malawi, in May of 2018 following an unexpected encounter with discreet populations of Biomphalaria spp. freshwater snails during routine malacological surveillance activities. Since then, only limited malacological surveillance of Biomphalaria has been carried out, and so the distribution of Biomphalaria populations in this area is currently unclear.
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