Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of death worldwide, with over 7 million deaths per year. Smoking during pregnancy causes harm to the mother, fetus, and can result in problems for the infant from childhood into adulthood. Practitioners should ask all expectant mothers about tobacco use. For expectant mothers who smoke or recently quit, practitioners should advice to quit and provide psychosocial interventions. Rates of smoking during pregnancy differ between geographical locations, with estimates of 10.8% in the UK and 7.2% in the US. Practitioners should provide expectant mothers unable to quit smoking with information about the risks and benefits of pharmacotherapy and use a patient-centered approach to determine the use. Although there is no definitive evidence on birth outcomes, nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion are adequate pharmacotherapies to help those unable to quit. Herein, this author looks at the various pharmaceutical strategies to help patients cease smoking and provides expert perspectives on the subject. Additional research on pharmacotherapy is warranted, especially with varenicline. Practitioners working with pregnant patients should be familiar with the evidence for pharmacotherapy in smoking cessation during pregnancy. This evidence can be difficult to navigate due to conflicting results and limitations with the trials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2018.1538353 | DOI Listing |
Reprod Health
January 2025
School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
Background: Today, the screening of fetal abnormalities during pregnancy is used as one of the components of the prenatal care worldwide, and many abnormalities are detected by ultrasound during pregnancy. On the other hand, the possibility of an abnormality in the fetus causes worry and anxiety in pregnant women. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between worry and anxiety with the general health status of pregnant women at risk of diagnosing fetal abnormalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Gaucha Enferm
January 2025
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. Departamento de Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil.
Objective: to analyze the implementation of care agreements developed in the CACTO program for mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Method: exploratory, qualitative study, guided by Unitary Caring Science and the Implementation Science methodological framework, based on the Consolidated Conceptual Framework for Implementation Research. Conducted with 20 mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, between April 2023 and February 2024, during care meetings developed in a non-governmental organization.
J Ethn Subst Abuse
January 2025
Centre of Research Excellence: Indigenous Sovereignty & Smoking, Auckland, New Zealand.
Maternal smoking increases adverse risks for both the mother's pregnancy and the unborn child and remains disproportionately high among some Indigenous peoples. Decreasing smoking among pregnant Indigenous women has been identified as a health priority in New Zealand because of wide inequities in smoking-related harms. Using pre- and post-intervention questionnaires, this feasibility study assessed the acceptability and potential efficacy of a novel cessation program designed for Indigenous women by Indigenous experts utilizing traditional knowledge and practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld Psychiatry
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
This is the first bottom-up review of the lived experience of postpartum depression and psychosis in women. The study has been co-designed, co-conducted and co-written by experts by experience and academics, drawing on first-person accounts within and outside the medical field. The material initially identified was shared with all participants in a cloud-based system, discussed across the research team, and enriched by phenomenological insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
December 2024
United States Agency for International Development, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Introduction: Monitoring and evaluation of maternal and child nutrition programs typically concentrates on overall population-level results. There is limited understanding, however, of how intervention reach and expected outcomes differ among sub-populations, necessary insight for addressing inequalities. These analyses aim to determine if maternal exposure to social and behavior change (SBC) interventions is associated with scales of maternal practices (antenatal care, iron and folic acid in pregnancy, diet in pregnancy, postnatal care, iron and folic acid postpartum, and maternal dietary diversity) and child practices (institutional birth, health mothers' group participation, growth monitoring and promotion, early initiation of breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding) in Nepal, overall and by wealth, caste, and geography.
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