AI Article Synopsis
- In rod-shaped bacteria, peptidoglycan crosslinking is mainly done by penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), while mycobacteria rely heavily on L,D-transpeptidases (LDTs) for their unique crosslinks.
- Research shows that LDTs are essential for maintaining the rod shape of mycobacterial cells, particularly in aging regions of the cell wall due to uneven growth.
- The absence of LDTs leads to an increased reliance on PBPs for crosslinking, suggesting that combining drugs that inhibit both PBPs and LDTs can enhance the effectiveness of treatments against mycobacteria.
Article Abstract
In most well-studied rod-shaped bacteria, peptidoglycan is primarily crosslinked by penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). However, in mycobacteria, crosslinks formed by L,D-transpeptidases (LDTs) are highly abundant. To elucidate the role of these unusual crosslinks, we characterized cells lacking all LDTs. We find that crosslinks generate by LDTs are required for rod shape maintenance specifically at sites of aging cell wall, a byproduct of polar elongation. Asymmetric polar growth leads to a non-uniform distribution of these two types of crosslinks in a single cell. Consequently, in the absence of LDT-mediated crosslinks, PBP-catalyzed crosslinks become more important. Because of this, (Mtb) is more rapidly killed using a combination of drugs capable of PBP- and LDT- inhibition. Thus, knowledge about the spatial and genetic relationship between drug targets can be exploited to more effectively treat this pathogen.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6231781 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.37516 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Computer simulations of entropic cohesion in reversibly crosslinked polymers.
Soft Matter
December 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Reversibly crosslinked polymer networks - polymer networks that can undergo bond association and dissociation reactions - rearrange their structures while maintaining their overall integrity, thus resulting in unique properties such as self-healing, reprocessability, shape memory and adaptability. Here, we show that the introduction of crosslinks, whether reversible or permanent, directly impacts the equilibrium polymer density and hence the material's surface tension. For a limiting case where the bonds are the same size as the polymer chain bonds, simulations, Flory hypotheses and thermodynamic calculations show that the crosslinks induce an increased entropic cohesion in the liquid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Study of Intradermal Injection of Non-Crosslinked Sodium Hyaluronate Combined With Human Epidermal Growth Factor in the Treatment of Skin Barrier Injury in Plateau Area.
J Cosmet Dermatol
December 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Calmette Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Background: The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau's high-altitude setting is characterized by intense solar ultraviolet radiation, a significant environmental stressor that frequently leads to skin barrier damage. This damage presents clinically as erythema, itching, and desquamation, underscoring the need for effective reparative interventions.
Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of a novel treatment protocol that integrates non-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) injection with microneedle application of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) for the restoration of skin barrier function in regions of high altitude.
An effective drug-free hydrogel for accelerating the whole healing process of bacteria-infected wounds.
Biomater Sci
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process involving hemostasis, inflammation, fibroblast proliferation, and tissue remodeling. This process is highly susceptible to bacterial infection, which often leads to impaired and delayed wound repair. While antibiotic therapy remains the primary clinical approach for treating bacteria-infected wounds, its widespread use poses a significant risk of developing bacterial resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreparation and Characterization of a Novel Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Capable of Isolating and Purifying Cordycepin from a Submerged Culture of the Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).
Int J Med Mushrooms
December 2024
School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People's Republic of China.
In this work, magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) capable of selectively recognizing and adsorbing cordycepin was prepared. The MMIP was prepared using cordycepin as the template molecule, methacrylic acid and acrylamide as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinker. The MMIP was analyzed using various techniques including transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer and x-ray diffraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCollagen Pyridinoline Cross-Links Are Absent in Reversible Myocardial Fibrosis.
Circ Res
December 2024
Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division (E.A.-B., S.J.R., B.F.M., D.E.S.).
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!