AI Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on the prevalence of super antibiotic resistance genes (SARGs), specifically MCR-1 and NDM-1, in the Yangtze River and surrounding wastewater and drinking water treatment facilities, revealing that these genes are more common and resilient than previously recognized.
- - Despite the effective removal of the bacteria hosting MCR-1 and NDM-1 in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), significant quantities of these genes still persist in the treated water and even in drinking water sources, raising concerns about human health risks.
- - Molecular analysis shows complex relationships between SARGs and bacterial communities, indicating that wastewater treatment processes are inadequate in fully eliminating these resistance genes, which emphasizes the need for improved treatment methods to
Article Abstract
The super antibiotic resistance genes (SARGs) demonstrate more severe threats than other antibiotic resistance genes while have not received enough attention in the environment. The study explored the prevalence and the antibiotic tolerance profiles of two typical SARGs, MCR-1 and NDM-1, and their hosting bacteria in the downstream of the Yangtze River and the nearby wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). Results indicated that MCR-1 and NDM-1 were prevalent in the influent and biological units of the WWTP. Their hosting bacteria were effectively removed, but 2.49 × 10 copies/L MCR-1 and 7.00 × 10 copies/L NDM-1 were still persistent in the effluent. In the Yangtze River, MCR-1 and NDM-1 were detected with higher abundance and antibiotic tolerance than the WWTP effluent and were significantly affected by nearby water contamination and human activities. In the DWTP, MCR-1 and NDM-1 were detected with average values 5.56 × 10 copies/L and 2.14 × 10 copies/L in the influent. Their hosting bacteria were undetectable in the effluent, but the two SARGs were still persistent with 1.39 × 10 copies/L and 6.29 × 10 copies/L, and were greatly enriched in the sludge. Molecular ecological networks demonstrated wide hosting relationships between MCR-1/NDM-1 and bacteria community in the DWTP. Redundancy analysis found that MCR-1 positively correlated with COD and NH-N, while negatively correlated with turbidity. Additionally, MCR-1 hosting bacteria positively correlated with NO-N and negatively correlated with COD and NH-N. NDM-1 positively correlated with turbidity and NDM-1 hosting bacteria positively correlated with COD and NO-N. The study demonstrated that the WWTP could not effectively remove SARGs with high amount of them being discharged into the Yangtze River. Then they were transported into the DWTP and the persistent SARGs in the effluent would probably be transferred into human, thus imposing great threats on public health.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.111 | DOI Listing |
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