This study evaluates the effects of mechanical cervical dilatation during scheduled cesarean section (CS) on intra- and postoperative blood loss. A single-center randomized double-blind controlled trial (NCT03444792) conducted at a tertiary University Hospital in the period between 1 April 2017 and 31 March 2018 included all women scheduled for scheduled CS under spinal anesthesia if they met our inclusion criteria. Eligible participants were randomized to one of two groups. Group (I): Women with intraoperative cervical dilatation and Group (II): women with no intraoperative cervical dilatation. The primary outcome of this study was the mean volume of total blood loss during CS. The secondary outcomes included the mean reduction in the hemoglobin and hematocrit, the rate of primary postpartum hemorrhage, the duration of surgery, the duration of hospital stay, the rate of wound infection and endometritis. No statistical significant difference between both study groups regarding the baseline characteristics. No significant difference in the intraoperative blood loss between both groups ( = .21); however, there was significantly more postoperative blood loss in group II ( = .001). The total blood loss was significantly higher in group II (912.6 ± 242.1 versus 845.8 ± 188.9 mL) in group I ( = .029). There were significantly lower postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in group II ( = .014 and .033 respectively). The mean duration of CS was significantly shorter in the cervical dilatation group ( = .002). No difference between both groups regarding the rate of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) ( = .21), the duration of hospital stay ( = .17), the rate of wound infection ( = .32), the rate of endometritis ( = .82). Mechanical cervical dilatation during scheduled CS could be associated with lower postoperative blood loss, higher postoperative hemoglobin & hematocrit levels and shorter duration of CS.
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