The actin cytoskeleton has long been recognized as a crucial sub-cellular filament system that is responsible for governing fundamental events ranging from cell division and muscle contraction to whole cell motility and the maintenance of tissue integrity. Consequently, it is not surprising that this network is the focus of over 100,000 different manuscripts. Alterations in the actin cytoskeleton lead to an assortment of diseases and serve as a target for a variety of pathogens. Here we have brought together a collection of primary research articles and reviews that underscore the broad influence this filament system has on organisms. Anat Rec, 301:1986-1990, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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The typical and the atypical filamins of Drosophila.
Genome
January 2025
Dalhousie University, Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;
The actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic mesh of filaments that provide structural support for cells and respond to external deformation forces. Active sensing of these forces is crucial for the function of the actin cytoskeleton, and some actin crosslinkers accomplish it. One such crosslinker is filamin, a highly conserved actin crosslinker dimeric protein with an elastic region capable of responding to mechanical changes in the actin cytoskeleton.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTBC1D20 coordinates vesicle transport and actin remodeling to regulate ciliogenesis.
J Cell Biol
April 2025
Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
TBC1D20 deficiency causes Warburg Micro Syndrome in humans, characterized by multiple eye abnormalities, severe intellectual disability, and abnormal sexual development, but the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we identify TBC1D20 as a novel Rab11 GTPase-activating protein that coordinates vesicle transport and actin remodeling to regulate ciliogenesis. Depletion of TBC1D20 promotes Rab11 vesicle accumulation and actin deconstruction around the centrosome, facilitating the initiation of ciliogenesis even in cycling cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLatrunculin U: a potent actin-disrupter from the Red Sea marine sponge .
Nat Prod Res
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
During our efforts to identify biologically active compounds from Red Sea marine invertebrates, a new compound, latrunculin U (), was identified from the Red Sea sponge along with latrunculins A (), B (), and 16--latrunculin B (). The structures of the latrunculins were elucidated based on a combination of comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR analyses and high-resolution mass spectral determinations. The antiproliferative potency of each compound in HeLa cells was evaluated, and they had IC values ranging from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of in vitro cytochalasin D and hypoxia on mitochondrial energetics and biogenesis, cell signal status and actin/tubulin/Hsp/MMP entity in air-breathing fish heart.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, India; Inter-University Centre for Evolutionary and Integrative Biology-iCEIB, School of Life Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, Kerala, India; Sastrajeevan Integrative Project, Centre for Integrative Stress and Ease-cRISE, Gregorian College of Advanced Studies, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram 695017, Kerala, India. Electronic address:
The cardiac actin cytoskeleton has a dynamic pattern of polymerisation. It is uncertain how far actin destabilisation impacts mitochondrial energetics and biogenesis, cell signal status, and structural entities in cardiomyocytes, particularly in hypoxic conditions. We thus tested the in vitro action of cytochalasin D (Cyt D), an inhibitor of actin polymerisation, in hypoxic ventricular explants to elucidate the role of the actin in mitochondrial energetics and biogenesis, cell signals and actin/tubulin/hsps/MMPs dynamics in hypoxic air-breathing fish hearts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of novel cytoskeleton protein involved in spermatogenic cells and sertoli cells of non-obstructive azoospermia based on microarray and bioinformatics analysis.
BMC Med Genomics
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Faculty of General of Medicine, Koya University, Koya, Kurdistan Region - F.R., KOY45, Iraq.
Background: During mammalian spermatogenesis, the cytoskeleton system plays a significant role in morphological changes. Male infertility such as non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) might be explained by studies of the cytoskeletal system during spermatogenesis.
Methods: The cytoskeleton, scaffold, and actin-binding genes were analyzed by microarray and bioinformatics (771 spermatogenic cellsgenes and 774 Sertoli cell genes).
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