To combat the influx of sexual assault kits (SAKs) that need to be tested, an exploration of data from Ohio's SAK Testing Initiative was carried out to identify variables that impact whether a SAK contains a probative DNA profile that is eligible for the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database. A validation study was completed to confirm the existence of variable relationships from the initial examination of data; new and modified statistical models were introduced to improve the predictive accuracy to determine if a SAK will contain at least one CODIS eligible DNA profile. Descriptive statistics from the validation data set confirmed conclusions about the effects of days between the assault and kit collection, the age of the victim, and consensual sex around the time of the kit collection for obtaining CODIS eligibility of DNA. The decision tree was selected as the best model.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13920 | DOI Listing |
Front Plant Sci
January 2025
Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Three-dimensional (3D) LiDAR is crucial for the autonomous navigation of orchard mobile robots, offering comprehensive and accurate environmental perception. However, the increased richness of information provided by 3D LiDAR also leads to a higher computational burden for point cloud data processing, posing challenges to real-time navigation. To address these issues, this paper proposes a 3D point cloud optimization method based on the octree data structure for autonomous navigation of orchard mobile robots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Bioeng Biotechnol
January 2025
Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Introduction: Color vision deficiency (CVD), a common visual impairment, affects individuals' ability to differentiate between various colors due to malfunctioning or absent color photoreceptors in the retina. Currently available diagnostic tests require a behavioral response, rendering them unsuitable for individuals with limited physical and communication abilities, such as those with locked-in syndrome. This study introduces a novel, non-invasive method that employs brain signals, specifically Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs), along with Ishihara plates to diagnose CVD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Artif Intell
January 2025
Department of Genetic Engineering, Computational Biology Lab, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Chennai, India.
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are highly effective at passing through eukaryotic membranes with various cargo molecules, like drugs, proteins, nucleic acids, and nanoparticles, without causing significant harm. Creating drug delivery systems with CPP is associated with cancer, genetic disorders, and diabetes due to their unique chemical properties. Wet lab experiments in drug discovery methodologies are time-consuming and expensive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinicoecon Outcomes Res
January 2025
Public Systems Group, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Introduction: Clinical trials are critical for drug development and patient care; however, they often need more efficient trial design and patient enrolment processes. This research explores integrating machine learning (ML) techniques to address these challenges. Specifically, the study investigates ML models for two critical aspects: (1) streamlining clinical trial design parameters (like the site of drug action, type of Interventional/Observational model, etc) and (2) optimizing patient/volunteer enrolment for trials through efficient classification techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
January 2025
College of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in the world. Incidence and mortality are predicted to rise globally during the next several decades. When detected early, colorectal cancer is treatable with surgery and medications.
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