This review presents a detailed definition of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and data on its prevalence, etiological and pathogenetic factors. The clinical picture of the disease, its clinical “masks” and complications including Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal carcinoma are discussed. Various diagnostic methods, such as oesophagofibroscopy, targeted biopsy, morphological studies, multichannel 24 hr pH-metry, etc. are considered. Classifications of GERD is presented with special reference to the original clinico-pathogenetic classification developed by one of the authors. The effectiveness of modern methods of GERD pharmacotherapy and surgical treatment is discussed.
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