Rociene. & Stonis, an Asian leafminer on Siberian elm, now widespread in eastern North America (Lepidoptera, Nepticulidae).

Rocienė & Stonis, 2014, previously known from the single male holotype from Primorye, Russia, is reported as a new invasive species mining leaves of Siberian elm, L., in eastern North America. Both adults and leafmines have been reported from many sites as unidentified Nepticulidae since 2010. Crucial for the identification was a match of the DNA barcode of a single larva collected on in Beijing with adults from North America. The single larva constitutes a new record for China. is closely related to the European (Fologne, 1860), feeding likewise on , but differs in details of external morphology and genitalia, particularly in the female, where has a remarkable elongated narrow ovipositor, suitable for oviposition in underside hairy leaf vein axils, where all mines start. In North America is the only -feeding nepticulid with green larvae. Currently the species is known from USA: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Tennessee, Wisconsin, and Canada: Ontario and Québec. In Sagaponack, on Long Island, New York, larvae have been reported to occur en masse on Siberian elms from at least two sites. The current distribution could be reconstructed thanks also to many online photographs from observation websites. The species is redescribed, with the first descriptions of female, larva, and leafmine, and compared with , which is fully redescribed. The two native North American nepticulid leafminers, (Chambers, 1873) and (Braun, 1912), are diagnosed and new provincial and state records are provided. A key to linear mines on in North America is provided. We suspect that trade of live plants through nurseries played a role in the sudden spread of this invasive species.