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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04194 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
August 2024
Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, HUN-REN Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege M. út 29-33, 1121, Budapest, Hungary.
In spite of its superior chemical sensitivity, XPS depth profiling is rarely used because of the alteration introduced by the sputter removal process and the resulting inhomogeneous in-depth concentration distribution. Moreover, the application of XPS becomes increasingly challenging in the case of the analysis of thin layers, if the thickness is in the range of 2-3 inelastic mean free paths (IMFP) of the photoelectrons. In this paper we will show that even in these unfavorable cases the XPS depth profiling is applicable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
January 2024
Division of Complex Drug Analysis, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.
Analyzing coeluting impurities with similar masses in synthetic oligonucleotides by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) poses challenges due to inadequate separation in either dimension. Herein, we present a direct method employing fully resolved isotopic envelopes, enabled by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), to identify and quantify isobaric impurity ions resulting from the deletion or addition of a uracil (U) or cytosine (C) nucleotide from or to the full-length sequence. These impurities may each encompass multiple sequence variants arising from various deletion or addition sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Spectrosc
July 2023
Institut für Halbleitertechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
In confocal Raman microscopy, depth profiling is a key application that enables analysis of the structural and chemical composition and size of three-dimensional (3D) transparent objects. However, the precise interpretation of a probed sample's Raman depth profile measurement can be significantly affected by both its size and surrounding objects. This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the observed optical effects at the interface between polymer spheres and different substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterizing the subcellular distributions of biomolecules of interest is a basic inquiry that helps inform on the potential roles of these molecules in biological functions. Presently, the functions of specific lipid species and cholesterol are not well understood, partially because cholesterol and lipid species of interest are difficult to image with high spatial resolution but without perturbing them. Because cholesterol and lipids are relatively small and their distributions are influenced by noncovalent interactions with other biomolecules, functionalizing them with relatively large labels that permit their detection may alter their distributions in membranes and between organelles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge of the distributions of drugs, metabolites, and drug carriers within cells is a prerequisite for the development of effective disease treatments. Intracellular component distribution may be imaged with high sensitivity and spatial resolution by using a NanoSIMS in the depth profiling mode. Depth correction strategies that capture the effects of differential sputtering without requiring additional measurements could enable producing accurate 3D NanoSIMS depth profiling images of intracellular component distributions.
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