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F MRI of the Lungs Using Inert Fluorinated Gases: Challenges and New Developments. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Fluorine-19 MRI is a new imaging technique using inhaled inert fluorinated gases to create functional images of the lungs, showing promise in both healthy individuals and patients with lung diseases.
  • The imaging usually involves a gas mixture of 79% perfluoropropane or sulfur hexafluoride and 21% oxygen, allowing for the assessment of lung ventilation and defects in conditions like asthma and COPD.
  • This technique is expected to complement traditional proton MRI by providing valuable functional insights alongside structural images, enhancing the management of pulmonary diseases in clinical settings.

Article Abstract

Fluorine-19 ( F) MRI using inhaled inert fluorinated gases is an emerging technique that can provide functional images of the lungs. Inert fluorinated gases are nontoxic, abundant, relatively inexpensive, and the technique can be performed on any MRI scanner with broadband multinuclear imaging capabilities. Pulmonary F MRI has been performed in animals, healthy human volunteers, and in patients with lung disease. In this review, the technical requirements of F MRI are discussed, along with various imaging approaches used to optimize the image quality. Lung imaging is typically performed in humans using a gas mixture containing 79% perfluoropropane (PFP) or sulphur hexafluoride (SF ) and 21% oxygen. In lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF), ventilation defects are apparent in regions that the inhaled gas cannot access. F lung images are typically acquired in a single breath-hold, or in a time-resolved, multiple breath fashion. The former provides measurements of the ventilation defect percent (VDP), while the latter provides measurements of gas replacement (ie, fractional ventilation). Finally, preliminary comparisons with other functional lung imaging techniques are discussed, such as Fourier decomposition MRI and hyperpolarized gas MRI. Overall, functional F lung MRI is expected to complement existing proton-based structural imaging techniques, and the combination of structural and functional lung MRI will provide useful outcome measures in the future management of pulmonary diseases in the clinic. Level of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:343-354.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.26292DOI Listing

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