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Lysine malonylation is a post-translational modification where a malonyl group, characterized by a negatively charged carboxylate, is covalently attached to the ε-amino side chain of lysine, influencing protein structure and function. Our laboratory identified Mak upregulation in cartilage under aging and obesity, contributing to osteoarthritis (OA). Current antibody-based detection methods face limitations in identifying Mak targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn anatomical investigation of alkaptonuria: Novel insights into ochronosis of cartilage and bone.
J Anat
December 2024
Human Anatomy Resource Centre, Education Directorate, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Ochronotic pigmentation of connective tissue is the central pathological process in the rare metabolic disease alkaptonuria (AKU). Tissue pigmentation in AKU occurs due to unmetabolised homogentisic acid (HGA) in the circulation, caused by an enzyme deficiency in the liver. Ochronotic pigmentation, derived from HGA, has previously been reported and described in large joints obtained from arthroplasty surgeries, which typically have advanced disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetermining Thermophysical Parameters of Cryopreserved Articular Cartilage Using Evolutionary Algorithms and Experimental Data.
Materials (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Computational Mechanics and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- Cryopreservation is a method used to freeze and store biological cells and tissues, like stem cells and articular cartilage, to maintain their essential functions when thawed.
- This process is particularly important in medicine for repairing damaged joints, as it allows preserved cartilage to be used for reconstruction.
- The article discusses a study using numerical methods to analyze heat and mass transfer in cryopreserved cartilage, revealing a small relative error in thermophysical parameters and proposing modified values for better accuracy.
Transcriptional Regulation of the Human MGP Promoter: Identification of Downstream Repressors.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a vitamin K-dependent γ-carboxylated protein that was initially identified as a physiological inhibitor of ectopic calcification, primarily affecting cartilage and the vascular system. Mutations in the gene were found to be responsible for the Keutel syndrome, a condition characterized by abnormal calcifications in the cartilage, lungs, brain, and vascular system. has been shown to be dysregulated in several tumors, including cervical, ovarian, urogenital, and breast cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Opportunities and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes in Theranostics and Regenerative Medicine.
Cells
November 2024
Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kolkata, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
Cell-secreted nanovesicles of endosomal origin, called exosomes, are vital for mediating intracellular communication. As local or distal transporters of intracellular cargo, they reflect the unique characteristics of secretory cells and establish cell-specific interactions via characteristic surface proteins and receptors. With the advent of rapid isolation, purification, and identification techniques, exosomes have become an attractive choice for disease diagnosis (exosomal content as biomarkers), cell-free therapy, and tissue regeneration.
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