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Biomechanical interplay between anisotropic re-organization of cells and the surrounding matrix underlies transition to invasive cancer spread. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study examines how metastatic melanoma cells interact with their surrounding environment, specifically the collagen matrix, during their invasive spread.
  • - Researchers discovered that these cancer cells create traction forces that reorganize local collagen structures, influencing the behavior of both metastatic and less invasive cells.
  • - This interaction results in a feedback loop where cells not only modify the extracellular matrix but also use its alignment for direction in migration, enhancing their invasive potential.

Article Abstract

The root cause of cancer mortality and morbidity is the metastatic spread of the primary tumor, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we investigate biomechanical interactions that may accompany invasive spread of melanoma cells. We find that metastatic cells can exert considerable traction forces and modify local collagen organization within a 3D matrix. When this re-organization is mimicked using a nano-fabricated model of aligned extracellular matrix fibers, metastatic cells, including less invasive melanoma cells, were in turn induced to align, elongate and migrate, guided by the local ridge orientations. Strikingly, we found that this aligned migration of melanoma cells was accompanied by long-range regulation of cytoskeletal remodeling that show anisotropic stiffening in the direction of fiber orientation suggestive of a positive feedback between ECM fiber alignment and forces exerted by cancer cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that the invasive spread of cancer cells can be defined by complex interplay with the surrounding matrix, during which they both modify the matrix and use the matrix alignment as a persistent migration cue, leading to more extensive and rapid invasive spread.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6155084PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32010-3DOI Listing

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